The science
The evidence for this serum divides between what it hydrates with and what it firms with. The hydration is well grounded: glycerin, urea and sodium hyaluronate are natural-moisturising-factor components and established humectants that raise stratum corneum water content, and a linoleic-rich oil such as corn oil supplies emollience; those effects account for the smoother, plumper skin users report within days. The firming rests on ingredients whose limits are equally well established. Soluble collagen, hydrolysed elastin, glycosaminoglycans and nucleic acids are large, hydrophilic molecules that do not cross the stratum corneum; on the surface they form a water-binding film that contracts slightly on drying, which is the tightened sensation, and there is no evidence that topical collagen or elastin contributes to the skin's own. A 2010 evidence-based review of botanicals in the American Journal of Clinical Dermatology makes the broader point that applies to the soybean, olive, bladderwrack, wheat germ and pollen extracts here: laboratory antioxidant activity at meaningful concentrations rarely translates to an effect at the trace doses used in cosmetics.
The two newer additions have thin support. Oligopeptide-5 is a short synthetic peptide marketed for cell-activating and firming effects, with in vitro data and no published clinical trials on human skin; its eighth-place position is notable but cannot substitute for evidence. Retinyl palmitate, the retinol ester, has a small literature showing modest effects on photoaged skin at defined concentrations after conversion through retinol to retinoic acid, a two-step process that is inefficient at low doses; listed here after the preservatives, it is far below any studied amount.
The tolerance profile is the formula's weak point for its target audience. The fragrance is undeclared as to components, and fragrance remains the most frequent cosmetic contact allergen in the 2017 Contact Dermatitis multicentre patch-test study; diazolidinyl urea is a formaldehyde-releasing preservative and an established sensitiser; the parabens are well studied and safe at cosmetic levels; and the three certified dyes serve no function. Pollen and wheat germ extracts are occasional allergens in sensitised individuals.
References 2 ShowHide
- Botanicals in dermatology: an evidence-based review — American Journal of Clinical Dermatology (2010)
- Non-mix fragrances are top sensitizers in consecutive dermatitis patients - a cross-sectional study of the 26 EU-labelled fragrance allergens — Contact Dermatitis (2017)