The science
A skin-protectant moisturiser rests on two mechanisms, humectancy and occlusion, and this cream states both on its label. The humectant is glycerin at twenty percent, declared as the active ingredient under the FDA's over-the-counter skin-protectant monograph, which recognises glycerin at 20 to 45 percent for temporarily protecting and relieving chapped or irritated skin. The biology behind that recognition is broad: glycerol is a native constituent of the stratum corneum, delivered there in part by aquaporin-3 channels and lipid metabolism, and it binds water in the corneocyte matrix, keeps the intercellular lipids in a fluid crystalline state, and supports the enzymatic desquamation that prevents scaling. A 2008 review in the British Journal of Dermatology by Fluhr and colleagues drew these threads together, documenting that topical glycerol increases stratum corneum hydration, improves barrier recovery after surfactant and tape-stripping damage, and reduces the roughness and scaling of dry skin, with effects that outlast the application because glycerol is retained in the corneum. In an acne routine those effects address the specific damage that benzoyl peroxide and retinoids do, which is barrier disruption with elevated water loss and irritation, the main driver of poor adherence to those treatments.
The occlusive half is a silicone system: cyclopentasiloxane as a volatile spreading agent, dimethicone and cetyl dimethicone as the film formers, a dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer for a soft powdery set, and a silicone emulsifier to hold water in the mix. Silicones reduce transepidermal water loss less completely than petrolatum but are non-comedogenic and cosmetically light, which is why they dominate acne-directed moisturisers; a modified corn starch adds oil absorption and offsets the tack that high glycerin produces. Allantoin contributes mild keratolytic and soothing activity at low concentration. The preservative system is phenoxyethanol with methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl- and isobutylparaben, a combination typical of mid-2000s formulation; parabens have an extensive safety record at cosmetic concentrations and low sensitisation rates, but propyl- and isobutylparaben are among the ingredients restricted under recent California and Maryland cosmetics statutes, which explains the shipping exclusion. There is no ingredient with activity against acne, and none is claimed; the product's evidence base is the general literature on glycerin and occlusion applied to a well-defined use.
References 1 ShowHide
- Glycerol and the skin: holistic approach to its origin and functions — British Journal of Dermatology (2008)